Hongshan culture inner mongolia,China ,site:Niuheliang -excavation season 2003,royal tombs jade burials 4700-2900 BCE .

     The representatives of the Hongshan Culture location Niuheliang (6500-5000 BP) identified 3 different Y-chromosome subclades haplotypes: The Uralic N1 (xN1a, N1c), C and O3a (O3a3),1/3 of Uralic population.

      The excavation at the Niuheliang site of the Hongshan Culture period (4000-2700BC) in the Liaoning Province in North-Eastern China revealed 13 tombs with over 30 jades. In the tomb M4 of an adult male, jades in the shape of a phoenix, a jade tube (hair sheat for burial), a bracelet, a human figure and two rings where found. The flattish bird sculpture (phoenix ?) in greenish jade and of 15cm in size was placed under the head of the defunct and represents the earliest example of the Chinese Phoenix culture. The reclining head of the bird has eye traits close to that of the Hongshan pig dragon.